Lansfordite is a rare, hydrated magnesium carbonate that is highly unstable when removed from its native environment. It typically forms as white, prismatic crystals or encrustations and will rapidly dehydrate into nesquehonite upon exposure to air. Collectors usually keep these specimens in sealed containers to prevent them from turning into a white, powdery mass.

Hardness
2.5
Mohs
Luster
Vitreous if fresh
Streak
White
Transparency
Transparent to translucent, becoming opaque on exposure

Is this lansfordite?

5-step field check

Run through these checks against the specimen in your hand. The more boxes tick, the more confident the ID.

  • 1
    Test the hardness
    Try to scratch lansfordite with a known reference. Lansfordite sits at Mohs 2.5, softer than the next harder reference, harder than the previous one.
  • 2
    Check the streak
    Drag the specimen across an unglazed porcelain plate. Streak: white.
  • 3
    Read the luster
    Hold the specimen under a strong light. Luster: vitreous if fresh.
  • 4
    Match the color range
    Compare against the expected color range: white, colorless.
  • 5
    Look at form & habit
    Crystal system: monoclinic. Typical habit: prismatic to acicular crystals, often as crusts or globular aggregates.

Often confused with

Lansfordite vs. its common look-alikes, and how to tell them apart in the field.

Often found alongside lansfordite

Minerals reported to co-occur with lansfordite. Spotting these in float or country rock is a strong cue you are in the right ground.

All properties

Chemical formula
MgCO₃·5H₂O
Mohs hardness
2.5
Density
1.692 g/cm³
Streak
White
Luster
Vitreous if fresh
Transparency
Transparent to translucent, becoming opaque on exposure
Crystal system
Monoclinic
Crystal habit
Prismatic to acicular crystals, often as crusts or globular aggregates
Cleavage
{001}, perfect; {100}, less perfect
Rarity
Rare
Uses
Collector, Scientific research
Host rock
Stalactites pendant from the shale roof of an anthracite coal mine (Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania, USA); in a hydromagnesite deposit (Atlin, Canada); a weathering product of an ultramafic body (Sør-Trøndelag, Norway)

Where rockhounds find lansfordite

Classic worldwide localities

  • Nesquehoning, near Lansford, Carbon Co., Pennsylvania, USA
  • Robinson Gulch pegmatite, Jefferson Co., Colorado, USA
  • Atlin, British Columbia, Canada
  • Cogne, Val d’Aosta, Piedmont, Italy
  • Feragen ultramafic body, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway

Field-hunting tip

Where it forms: Stalactites pendant from the shale roof of an anthracite coal mine (Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania, USA); in a hydromagnesite deposit (Atlin, Canada); a weathering product of an ultramafic body (Sør-Trøndelag, Norway). If you start seeing nesquehonite, hydromagnesite, dypingite in float, you are in the right ground. Typical habit: prismatic to acicular crystals, often as crusts or globular aggregates. Train your eye for that shape before scanning the outcrop.

Common questions

How do you identify lansfordite?+
Mohs hardness is 2.5. Luster: vitreous if fresh. The streak is white. Common colors include white, colorless.
Where is lansfordite found?+
Notable localities include Nesquehoning, near Lansford, Carbon Co., Pennsylvania, USA; Robinson Gulch pegmatite, Jefferson Co., Colorado, USA; Atlin, British Columbia, Canada; Cogne, Val d’Aosta, Piedmont, Italy; Feragen ultramafic body, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway.
What rocks look like lansfordite?+
Lansfordite is most often confused with Nesquehonite, Hydromagnesite. A quick hardness test and a streak check separate the look-alikes faster than color alone.
What minerals are found with lansfordite?+
Lansfordite commonly co-occurs with Nesquehonite, Hydromagnesite, Dypingite. Spotting any of these in float or country rock is a useful trip signal.
What kind of rock does lansfordite form in?+
Where it forms: Stalactites pendant from the shale roof of an anthracite coal mine (Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania, USA); in a hydromagnesite deposit (Atlin, Canada); a weathering product of an ultramafic body (Sør-Trøndelag, Norway). Working float back to the host body is the standard way to chase a fresh occurrence.
What is lansfordite used for?+
Lansfordite is used in collector, scientific research.

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